Grammar Vocabulary
Notes
Original text by VL user Chaered, first posted to VL on 2026-02-01. Based on the grammar vocab list by user Syrus-Gandalphus on the Vinye Lambengolmor forum on Discord: https://discord.com/channels/397489292185960468/1465065577260519534
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| No. | Quenya | Tengwar | Means |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Quenya eldarin ná, lambë maisinwa eldain yo atanin Endóressë. | | Quenya is Elvish [language], a language familiar to elves and men in Middle-Earth. |
| 2 | Quenyo tengwesta linipsinwa. | | Quenya grammar is complex. |
| 3 | Quettali nár enquettar, cariquettar, hraitequettar, lenquettar, ar hyanë nostaléron. | | Some word are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and [of] other kinds. |
| 4 | Quetta vista teälerya yestanyatsënen, mittandenen, mestanyatsenen, ómatailë, hya vistenen yassë taris quettalessë. | | A word changes its meaning by prefixation, infixation, suffixation, vowel lengthening, or a change to where it stands in a sentence. |
| 5 | |||
| 6 | Enquetta teä eästa, nat, hya tenna; epemman: miuë, palda, saicë. | | A noun refers to a being, thing, or notion; for example: cat, bowl, hunger. |
| 7 | Enquetta apanta nótë yo canta. | | A noun shows a number and a case. |
| 8 | I partië enquettavë vistion ilyë nótessen yo cantassen estalvë so ocombë. | | The arrangement of a noun's changes [of form] in all numbers and cases we call its declension. |
| 9 | Enquettavë nóti nár eritë, yuitë, nótima, linitë. | | A noun's numbers are singular, dual, partitive, plural. |
| 10 | Enquettavë cantar nár estaitë, colitë, haryaitë, antaitë, ??, sastaitë, haitaitë, tucítë. | | A noun's cases are nominative, genitive, possessive, dative, instrumental, locative, ablative, allative. |
| 11 | Epetai senwa enquetto ocombë apanta visti nelquain atta. | | So a regular noun's declension displays thirty-two changes. |
| 12 | Quenyo enquetta penë yalitë hya olelyaitë canta. | | A quenya noun lacks a vocative or comitative case. |
| 13 | |||
| 14 | Cariquetta teä carda hya sendë; epemman: matë, alarya. | | A verb refers to a deed or state; for example: eat, rejoice. |
| 15 | Cariquetta apanta nótë, quén, lussë. | | A verb shows a number, a person, a tense. |
| 16 | I partië cariquettavë vistion ilyë nótessen, ??, lussessen estalvë so ??. | | The arrangement of a verb's changes [of form] in all numbers, persons, tenses we call its conjugation. |
| 17 | Cariquettavë nóti nár eritë, yuitë, linitë. | | A verb's numbers are singular, dual, plural. |
| 18 | Cariquettavë queni nár minya, atteä, nelya. | | A verb's persons are first, second, third. |
| 19 | Minya ná i quettaléo quentaro etwa tecindo, atteä ná ye hlarë etwa tengwa sa, nelya ná hyana aiquen. | | First is the sentence's speaker or writer, second is who hears or reads it, third is anyone else. |
| 20 | Cariquettavë lussi nár aralussë, silussë, vanwalussë, hya tulussë. | | A verb's tenses are aorist, present, past, future. |
| 21 | |||
| 22 | Senyavë tecilvë quenya Feänáro tengwassenen, anahtai aryë istalvë tecë sa certainen. | | Usually we write Quenya with Feanor's alphabet, though we also know how to write it with runes. |
| 23 | Patacar yuhtar tengwar; þennë ómar yuhtar ómatehtar or sanë tengwar. | | Consonants use tengwar; short vowels use vowel-marks above those tengwar. |
| 24 | Andë ómar ar ohloni satir vérë tengwar. | | Long vowels and diphthongs employ their own tengwar. |
| 25 | Ear hyanë tehtar, ve rinci yo unutixë; ar hyanë tengwar, ve notesseär ar puttar. | | There are other marks, like hooks and under-dots; and other tengwar, like digits and stops. |